بررسي اثربخشي واقعيت درماني بر ارتقاء روابط زناشويي زوجين

Investigating the effectiveness of reality therapy on promoting marital relations

ازدواج و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ روﯾﺪادﻫﺎي زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯿﺸﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﯽ ﻓﺮد ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﯿ ﮕﺬارد و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻗﻄﻊ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﯿﺎﻓﺘﺪ؛ ﺿﺮر آن ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر و ﻧﻈﺎم ارزﺷﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ روﯾﮑﺮد درﻣﺎﻧﯽ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺎرض ﻫﺎي زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻮد 25 ﻧﻔﺮ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ورود ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را داشتند و به صورت فراخوان به كلينيك درماني مراجعه كرده بودند، با روش جايگزيني تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايشي و گروه كنترل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ .ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ روﯾﮑﺮد واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﻮد .اﺑﺰار ﺳﻨﺠﺶ، ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ 54 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﯽ ﺗﻌﺎرض ﻫﺎي زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﺛﻨﺎﯾﯽ و ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺻﻔﺎري ﻧﯿﺎ ﺑﻮد .ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ شيوه ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان درﻣﺎن ﻣﻮﺛﺮي در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ و ﻋﺰت ﻧﻔﺲ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﻮد. ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﯾﮏ راﺑﻄﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮد در ﻃﻮل زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺧﻮد ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻣﻮر ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﯾﮑﯽ از وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ازدواج ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻓﻖ و ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﺪت وﺟﻮد ﺗﻌﻬﺪ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد آن ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﻫﺎ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ دو زﯾﺮ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﮕﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ،اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار داﺷﺖ.

Marriage and choice of spouse is one of the most important events in human life that not only affects physical health but also mental health of individual and certainly any problem that happens for family, its loss will be for the entire structure and value, cultural system of society. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effectiveness of therapeutic approach of reality therapy based on choice theory on marital conflicts and social well-being. 25 subjects who were eligible for the study and had referred to clinic as calling, by random method were placed into two groups: experimental and control group. The independent variable was the approach of reality therapy based on choice theory. The assessment tool was a questionnaire with 54 questions of marital conflicts of Sanaee and social well-being questionnaire of Saffarinia. The results showed that reality therapy in group can be used as an effective treatment in increasing marital commitment and selfesteem of couples. Introduction among the various interactions of commitment is the most important qualitative aspect of a relationship. Each person during his life is dedicated to different tasks. One of the characteristics of successful and prolonged marriages is the existence of marital commitment. Also, despite the fact that intervention of reality therapy had no effect on social well-being of the subjects, but it had significant effectiveness on two subscales of social cohesion and social acceptance.