چكيده فارسي :
بر اساس آمار رسمي سازمان صنايع و معادن در استان آذربايجان شرقي ساليانه مقدار 1000 تن ضايعات در كارخانجات تهيه ماكاروني و مقدار7500 تن ضايعات در كارخانجات لپه پاك‌كني توليد مي‌شود. براي تعيين تركيبات شيميايي و انرژي قابل سوخت و ساز اين ضايعات، ابتدا از 10% كارخانجات بر اساس روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي طبقه‌بندي شده، نمونه برداري به‌عمل آمد. سپس مقادير ماده خشك، پروتئين خام، الياف خام، چربي خام، ديواره سلولي، ديواره سلولي بدون همي سلولز و انرژي خام آنها طبق روش‌هاي (1990) AOAC اندازه گيري شد. مقدار پروتئين خام، الياف خام، چربي خام، ديواره سلولي و ديواره سلولي بدون همي سلولز ضايعات ماكاروني به ترتيب، 12/7، 0/2، 2/4، 1/7و 0/1درصد و در ضايعات لپه پاك‌كني به ترتيب،30/2، 8/17، 8/7، 32/3 و 22/4 درصد بود. ضايعات ماكاروني به نسبت 0، 15، 30، 45، 60، 75، 90 و 100 درصد و ضايعات لپه پاك‌كني به نسبت 15 و 45 درصد، با جيره پايه مخلوط شدند، جهت تعيين ميزان انواع انرژي قابل سوخت و ساز (TMEn , TME , AMEn , AME) ضايعات، 30 گرم از جيره مخلوط شده به روش تغذيه اجباري به چهار قطعه خروس بالغ لگهورن خورانده شد. ميزان AMEn ضايعات ماكاروني در سطوح مختلف به ترتيب، 2915، 3535، 3937، 3643، 3728، 3671، 3687 و 3717 كيلوكالري در كيلوگرم و ميزان AMEn ضايعات لپه پاك كني در سطوح مختلف به ترتيب 2677 و 2279 كيلوكالري در كيلوگرم بود. بيشترين انرژي قابل سوخت و ساز براي ضايعات ماكاروني در سطح 30 درصد و براي ضايعات لپه پاك‌كني در سطح 15 درصد نسبت به جيره پايه به‌دست آمد.
چكيده لاتين :
Based on the official statistics of industries and mines organization about 1000 tons of waste of spaghetti in spaghetti- producing plants, and around 7500 tons of waste in chickpea pre-cleaning plants are produced annually in the East Azarbayjan province. In order to determine chemical composition and metabolizable energy of the above mentioned waste, at first classified random sampling from 10% of plants was performed. Then amount of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, NDF, ADF, and gross energy were measured according to AOAC (1990) procedures. The amounts of crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, NDF and ADF, for spagettti waste were, 12/7, 0/2 , 2/4 , 1/7 and 0/1 percent, respectively, and for chickpea pre-cleaning were 30/2 , 17/8 , 8/7 , 32/3 and 22/4 percent, respectively. The waste of spaghetti was mixed with basal diet with the ratios of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 100%. The waste of pre-cleaning chickpea was mixed with basal diet with the ratios of 15% and 45%. Then, in order to determine different kinds of metabolizable energy (AME, AMEn, TME, TMEn) of waste, 30 grams of mixed feed were force-fed to 4 adult Leghorn-type roosters, according to the method described by Sibbald. The amount of AMEn of spaghetti waste in different levels was 2915, 3535, 3937, 3643, 3728, 3671, 3687 and 3717 Kcal/kg, respectively and the amount of AMEn of metabolizable energy of checkpea pre-cleaning in two levels was 2677 and 2279 Kcal/kg, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between AMEn of wastes. There were significant differences between amount and kinds of metabolizable energy in different levels. The highest amount of AME was observed to be in 30% ratio of spaghetti waste relation to basal diet. There were significant differences between amount of metabolizable energy of checkpea pre-cleaning in two levels. The highest amount of AME was observed to be in 15% ratio of checkpea pre-cleaning waste related to basal diet.
